Earthquake Loads & Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings :: essays research papers

seism Loads & Earthquake rebarbative design of Buildings1.12.Summary23.Earthquake Design - A Conceptual Review24.Earthquake Resisting Performance Expectations35.Key Material Parameters for Effective Earthquake Resistant Design36.Earthquake Design Level Ground Motion46.1.Elastic Response Spectra46.2.Relative Seismicity56.3. colly amplification67.Derivation of Ductile Design Response Spectra78.Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design Principles88.1.The Basic Principles of Earthquake Resistant Design88.2.Controls of the Analysis Procedure88.3.The Conventional Earthquake Design Procedure119.The Capacity Design Philosophy for Earthquake enemy119.1.General Approach119.2.The Implications of Capacity Design1210.Earthquake Resistant Structural Systems1210.1.Moment Resisting Frames1210.2.Shear Walls1310.3.Braced Frames1311.The Importance & Implications of Structural Regularity1311.1.General1311.2.Vertical Regularity1411.3.Horizontal Regularity.1411.4.Floor Diaphragms1412.Methods of Analysi s1512.1.Integrated Time History Analysis1512.2.Multi-modal Analysis1512.3.Equivalent Static Analysis1513.Trends and Future Directions1614.Conclusions1615.References171. SummaryThe primary objective of earthquake resistant design is to prevent building collapse during earthquakes thus minimising the risk of death or injury to people in or around those buildings. Because damaging earthquakes be rare, economics dictate that damage to buildings is expected and acceptable provided collapse is avoided. Earthquake forces are generated by the inertia of buildings as they dynamically respond to ground motion. The dynamic nature of the response makes earthquake loadings markedly different from other building loads. origin temptation to consider earthquakes as a very strong wind is a trap that must be avoided since the dynamic characteristics of the building are inherent to the structural response and thus the earthquake induced actions are able to be mitigated by design.The concept of dyna mic considerations of buildings is one which sometimes generates uncomfortableness and uncertainty within the designer. Although this is understandable, and a common characteristic of any new challenge, it is usually misplaced. Effective earthquake design methodologies jackpot be, and usually are, easily simplified without detracting from the effectiveness of the design. Indeed the high level of uncertainty relating to the ground motion generated by earthquakes seldom justifies the often used complex analysis techniques nor the high level of design sophistication often employed. A good earthquake engineering design is one where the designer takes control of the building by dictating how the building is to respond. This can be achieved by selection of the preferred response mode, selecting zones where inelastic deformations are acceptable and suppressing the development of undesirable response modes which could lead to building collapse. 2.Earthquake Design - A Conceptual ReviewMo dern earthquake design has its genesis in the 1920s and 1930s. At that time earthquake design typically touch on the application of 10% of the building weight as a lateral force on the structure, applied uniformly up the height of the building.